Vitamins, Chemical names and Deficiency disease- exam points of view

Deficiency of one or more nutrients can cause disease or disorders in our body. Vitamin deficiency is the condition of a long-term lack of vitamin.

Vitamin /Minerals Chemical Name Deficiency disease
Vitamin A Retinol Loss of Vision
Vitamin B1 Thiamine Beriberi
Vitamin B2 Riboflavin Ariboflavinosis
Vitamin B3 Niacin Pellagra
Vitamin B5 Pantothenic acid Paresthesia
Vitamin B6 Pyridoxine, pyridoxine,pyridoxal Anemia
Vitamin B7 Biotin Dermatitis,enteritis
Vitamin C Ascorbic acid Scurvy, Swelling of gums
Vitamin D Cholecalciferol Rickets
Vitamin E Tocopherols, tocotrienols Less Fertility
Vitamin K Phylloquinone, menaquinones Non-clotting of Blood.
Minerals Deficiency disease
Calcium Bone and tooth decay  
Iodine Goiter
Iron Anaemia

Important points to remember about the Vitamins

  • In pregnant women, vitamin A deficiency can cause night blindness and it also help in preventing lung cancer.
  • Vitamin D helps to regulate the amount of calcium and phosphate in the body.
  • Vitamin C found in citrus fruits.
  • Vitamin E protects fatty acids, maintain muscles and RBC (Red Blood Cells) and serves as an important antioxidant.
  • Vitamin K is needed for blood clotting, which means it helps wounds to heal properly.
  • Vitamin B1 help in maintaining a healthy metabolism. A lack of thiamine (Vitamin B1) is called beriberi and can cause weakness, fatigue and nerve damage.
  • Riboflavin is also known as vitamin B2.
  • Vitamin B12 is the only water-soluble vitamin that is stored in the liver.

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