Match the items in List-I with List-II:
| List – I (Terms / Methods) | List – II (Description) |
| (a) Cross-sectional | 1. Collecting data to research determine how people create meaning of their activities (culture) in a context. |
| (b) Longitudinal | 2. Collecting data from many research studies conducted on a particular topic and analysing the same. |
| (c) Meta Analysis | 3. Collecting data from a particular section of the research population (sample) regularly over a period. |
| (d) Ethnomethodology | 4. Collecting data from all section of a sample once. |
| Codes: | (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) |
| (A) | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
| (B) | 3 | 4 | 1 | 2 |
| (C) | 2 | 1 | 3 | 4 |
| (D) | 1 | 2 | 4 | 3 |
Correct Ans: (A)
Explanation:
Research in communication involves several methods. Each method has a unique focus and purpose. Let’s explore four important ones: cross-sectional, longitudinal, meta-analysis, and ethnomethodology.
First, cross-sectional research collects data from all sections of a sample at a single point in time. It gives a snapshot of current trends, behaviors, or opinions. Researchers often use it to compare different groups or analyze correlations quickly. Because it’s fast and efficient, it works well for surveys and opinion polls.
On the other hand, longitudinal research gathers data from the same participants repeatedly over a longer period. This approach helps track changes and patterns. It shows how behaviors or attitudes evolve. For example, a study may follow viewers’ media habits over ten years. It offers deeper insights but takes more time and resources.
Then, meta-analysis takes a different route. It doesn’t gather new data. Instead, it analyzes results from many past studies on a single topic. This method helps identify broader patterns and overall effects. Researchers use it to confirm findings and offer stronger conclusions. It’s especially useful in media effects research.
Lastly, ethnomethodology focuses on how people make sense of their daily lives. It studies cultural contexts and shared meanings. Researchers observe interactions closely and interpret how people create social order. This method suits studies in media culture or audience interpretation.
Each method serves a distinct research purpose. Therefore, choosing the right one depends on the research goal and context. Together, they form a strong foundation for studying human communication.
