Match the List-I with List-II.
| List – I | List – II |
| (a) Dependista Theory | 1. Capitalist approach |
| (b) Basic needs model | 2. Grass-roots approach |
| (c) Industrialization | 3. Marxist approach |
| (d) Another development | 4. Gandhian approach |
| Codes: | (a) | (b) | (c) | (d) |
| (A) | 4 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| (B) | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
| (C) | 3 | 4 | 1 | 2 |
| (D) | 3 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
Correct Ans: (C)
Explanation:
Scholars and policymakers have proposed various theories to explain and guide development strategies worldwide. Dependista Theory follows a Marxist approach, which critiques capitalism and emphasizes how global economic structures create dependency. Since this theory argues that underdeveloped nations remain poor due to their reliance on wealthy countries, it advocates for economic self-reliance and structural changes.
On the other hand, the Basic Needs Model aligns with the Gandhian approach, as it focuses on fulfilling fundamental human needs like food, healthcare, and education. This model suggests that true development should prioritize people’s basic necessities rather than just economic growth. Due to its emphasis on social well-being, many policymakers adopt this model to reduce poverty and inequality.
Moreover, Industrialization represents the capitalist approach, as it promotes large-scale production, technological advancements, and economic expansion. Since this approach views industrial growth as the key driver of progress, it encourages investments, privatization, and global trade. However, critics argue that rapid industrialization can increase income disparity and environmental degradation.
Additionally, Another Development follows a grassroots approach, emphasizing local participation and sustainable development. This model encourages small-scale, community-led initiatives instead of top-down policies. By promoting environmental conservation and self-sufficiency, it aims to create long-term, inclusive progress.
Overall, these theories provide different perspectives on development, influencing policies and shaping global strategies. Understanding them helps in choosing the best approach for sustainable and inclusive growth.
