Variables

Identify a major element of research design from the following: 

Identify a major element of research design from the following:  (A) history (B) instrumentation (C) manipulation (D) maturity Correct Ans: (C) Explanation: In research design—especially in experimental research—manipulation stands out as a central element. Researchers use manipulation to deliberately change or control one or more independent variables to observe how these changes affect the dependent […]

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One condition in causation is

One condition in causation is (A) constant (B) Co-variation (C) Cogence (D) Co-existence Correct Ans: (B) Explanation: Causation refers to the relationship between two variables where one influences the other. A key condition in establishing causation is co-variation. This means that when one variable changes, the other also changes in a consistent pattern. Without co-variation, it

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Non-parametric tests measure variables at

Non-parametric tests measure variables at (A) Ratio level (B) Interval level (C) Nominal level (D) Non-conditional level Correct Ans: (C) Explanation: Non-parametric tests measure variables at the nominal level, meaning they analyze categorical data rather than numerical values. Since these tests do not assume a specific distribution, researchers use them when data lacks normality or

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A construct is a combination of

A construct is a combination of (A) Variables (B) Hypothesis (C) Control factors (D) Concepts Correct Ans: (D) Explanation: A construct consists of multiple concepts combined to represent a more complex idea. Since researchers use constructs to explain theories and models, they play a crucial role in communication studies. Unlike single concepts, constructs provide a

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Applying chi-square to find out the association demand a sample of

The fitness of good test of applying chi-square to find out the association between two variables demands a minimum sample of (A) 20 (B) 30 (C) 40 (D) 50 Correct Ans: (D) Explanation: The chi-square test is a statistical method used to determine the association between two categorical variables. For the test to produce reliable

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Most correlational designs have the problem of manipulating

Most correlational designs have the problem of manipulating (A) Conceptual definitions (B) Control variables (C) Independent variables (D) Dependent variables Correct Ans: (C) Explanation: Correlational research explores relationships between variables but does not establish causation. One of its biggest challenges is manipulating independent variables. Since researchers observe existing conditions rather than controlling factors, they cannot

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Items in methodology section of a research proposal using survey. 

Identify the correct sequence of items generally written in the methodology section of a research proposal using survey.   (A) Universe – Design – Variables – Sample   (B) Design – Universe – Variables – Sample   (C) Universe – Sample – Design – Variables   (D) Design – Universe – Sample – Variables Correct Ans: (D) Explanation:The methodology

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Which of the following statistical tools is used for Prediction?

Which of the following statistical tools is used for Prediction? (A) Range (B) Regression (C) Standard deviation (D) Mean Correct Ans: (B) Explanation: Regression is the most effective statistical tool for prediction. It helps analyze relationships between variables and forecast future trends. Researchers, businesses, and media analysts widely use regression to make data-driven decisions. In

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