The under-developed, newly independent countries forced to seek technological, training and other support from former Colonizers can be characterised as 

(A) Dependency 

(B) North-South relations 

(C) South-South dependency 

(D) Development 

Correct Ans: (B)

Explanation:

North-South relations describe the situation in which newly independent, under-developed countries seek technological, training, and other forms of support from their former colonizers. These countries, typically located in the Global South, face challenges that push them to rely on external help for development. This dependency stems from a history of exploitation and unequal development between the Global North (developed nations) and the Global South (developing nations).

In these relations, the Global South often depends on the Global North for technological expertise, economic aid, and political guidance. Meanwhile, the North, with its advanced economies and infrastructure, holds a dominant position. As a result, the former colonizers continue to influence the political and economic landscapes of the newly independent nations.

This dynamic reflects the lasting effects of colonialism, which left many countries in the Global South without the necessary resources to build strong, independent economies. Consequently, they remain reliant on the North for development assistance and support.

In conclusion, North-South relations highlight the persistent global disparities in development. While the newly independent countries seek help from their former colonizers, they find themselves stuck in a cycle of dependency. This situation makes it harder for these nations to establish self-sufficient, thriving economies.