The relationship of the sign to others in its system is called by Saussure as

(A) Reality

(B) Externality

(C) Changeability

(D) Value

Correct Ans: (D)

Explanation:

Ferdinand de Saussure introduced the concept of value in semiotics. He explained that a sign’s meaning depends on its relationship with other signs in a system. Instead of existing independently, each sign gains significance by contrasting with others. Therefore, meaning emerges from differences rather than fixed definitions.

In language, words create meaning through contrasts. For example, the word “night” makes sense because it differs from “day.” Likewise, the color “red” stands out only when compared to “blue” or “yellow.” These relationships define the value of each sign. Since people interpret meaning based on context, they rely on these structured contrasts to understand communication effectively.

Now, let’s examine the incorrect options. Reality refers to the physical world, so it does not explain how signs relate. Externality suggests something outside the system, which does not match Saussure’s idea. Changeability refers to language evolution, but it does not describe how meaning forms through contrasts. Clearly, none of these terms capture the essence of value as Saussure defined it.

In conclusion, Saussure’s concept of value explains that meaning depends on differences between signs rather than intrinsic properties. Since communication relies on structured contrasts, this idea remains essential in linguistics, media studies, and semiotics. By understanding how signs interact, people can interpret language, symbols, and images more accurately.