During whose viceroyalty was the ‘Repressive Act’ also known as the ‘Gagging Act’ passed: 

(A) Lord Curzon

(B) Lord Lytton

(C) Lord Ripon

(D) Lord Morley

Correct Ans: (B)

Explanation:

The Gagging Act of 1878, also called the Repressive Act, was passed during Lord Lytton’s viceroyalty. The British government introduced this law to suppress Indian newspapers that criticized colonial rule. As a result, press freedom in India faced severe restrictions.

Under this act, the government controlled the press more strictly. It required newspapers to obtain licenses, allowing officials to shut down publications that published “seditious” content. Consequently, Indian journalists faced censorship, arrests, and financial penalties.

Lord Lytton enforced this act to silence opposition. Indian newspapers, especially those supporting nationalist movements, suffered the most. However, this law fueled resistance among Indian intellectuals and reformers. Eventually, the act led to stronger demands for press freedom.

The Gagging Act remained in force until 1882, when Lord Ripon repealed it. His decision came after growing protests against British suppression of free speech. With the law removed, Indian journalism regained some independence, allowing newspapers to play a crucial role in the freedom struggle.

Despite its repeal, the Gagging Act left a lasting impact. It highlighted colonial efforts to control information while strengthening India’s push for press freedom. The fight against media censorship continued until India gained independence.