Assertion (A): The working Journalists Act of 1958 has been nullified by the large newspaper houses. Reason (R): The corporate practice of contracts and packages, resorted to by large newspaper has made it ineffective. Both (A) and (R) are true. Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (A) is true, but (R) is false. (A) is false, but (R) is true. Correct Ans: (A) Explanation: The Working Journalists Act of 1958 was enacted to protect the rights of journalists by ensuring job security, fair wages, and proper working conditions. However, large newspaper houses have effectively nullified this law by replacing permanent employment with contractual jobs. Therefore, the assertion is true. Additionally, corporate media houses have adopted contract-based employment and performance-linked packages, making the law ineffective in practice. As journalists now work under fixed-term contracts, they no longer receive benefits like provident funds, gratuity, and wage board recommendations. Thus, the reason provided is also true and correctly explains the assertion. How Corporate Practices Have Undermined the Act: Contractual Employment: News organizations prefer hiring journalists on short-term contracts rather than permanent roles, avoiding obligations under the law. Performance-Based Salaries: Instead of following wage board recommendations, media houses offer variable pay structures linked to performance. Weakened Job Security: Journalists lack job stability, making them vulnerable to sudden termination without legal protection. Why This Trend is Problematic: Loss of Legal Protections: Contract-based employment does not provide benefits like leave policies, fair wages, or pension schemes. Declining Press Freedom: Job insecurity makes journalists more susceptible to editorial interference and self-censorship. Erosion of Ethical Journalism: Financial instability forces journalists to prioritize corporate interests over unbiased reporting. A Possible Solution: To restore journalistic rights, policymakers must update the Working Journalists Act to include contractual employees and enforce stricter labor protections. Countries like France and Germany have introduced stronger labor laws for media professionals, ensuring better job security and ethical journalism. In conclusion, while the Working Journalists Act of 1958 exists, its implementation remains weak due to corporate hiring practices. Therefore, both the assertion and the reason are true, as the law has lost its impact in today’s media industry.