Assertion (A): Time has come to legalise lobbying in India by enacting a separate statute. Reason (R): We have adopted all corporate practices of the United States and it is in fitness of things that we even accept the American model of governance. Both (A) and (R) are true. Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (c)(A) is true, but (R) is false. (A) is false, but (R) is true. Correct Ans: (C) Explanation: The assertion states that India should legalize lobbying by enacting a separate law, which is true. Currently, lobbying occurs in an unregulated manner, often raising concerns about transparency and ethical practices. Legalizing lobbying could increase accountability, prevent corruption, and ensure fair policy influence. However, the reason provided—India should legalize lobbying because it has adopted U.S. corporate practices—is false. While India has indeed borrowed business strategies and corporate models from the U.S., governance structures and political frameworks differ significantly. The American lobbying system operates under strict regulations, whereas India lacks a clear legal framework to monitor lobbying activities. Why Lobbying Needs Legalization in India: Ensures Transparency: Legalizing lobbying introduces accountability by requiring disclosures of corporate influence on policy-making. Prevents Unethical Influence: Without regulation, lobbying remains informal, increasing the risk of bribery and favoritism. Strengthens Democratic Governance: A legal framework can balance corporate interests with public welfare, making decision-making more inclusive. Why the U.S. Model May Not Fit India: Different Political Structures: The U.S. follows a presidential system, whereas India has a parliamentary system with multiple political influences. Varied Corporate Influence: U.S. lobbying laws require mandatory disclosures, but India lacks strict regulatory mechanisms. Ethical Concerns: In India, corporate lobbying often merges with political funding, which complicates the distinction between legal lobbying and unethical practices. Example of Lobbying Impact: Countries like the U.K. and Canada have legalized lobbying with strict guidelines, ensuring transparency while limiting undue influence. If India follows a similar model, it can regulate corporate lobbying without blindly adopting the U.S. system. In conclusion, India must legalize lobbying, but the reason should focus on transparency and ethical governance rather than merely following the U.S. model. By implementing a robust framework, lobbying can contribute positively to policy-making.