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Stuart Hall asserted that the media created

Leave a Comment / Dec 2012 (III), MCQ (Question-Answer), Thinkers, Authors & their books, UGC-NET (Paper III) /

Stuart Hall asserted that the media created (A) ‘Virtual imagery’ (B) ‘Societal contact’ (C) ‘Preferred readings’ (D) ‘Perception fluctuation’ Correct Ans: (C) Explanation: Stuart Hall asserted that media creates preferred readings, shaping how audiences interpret messages. His Encoding/Decoding Model explains how media producers embed specific meanings into content, expecting audiences to interpret them in a […]

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Mass media, according to, Lazarsfeld and Merton, reinforce

Leave a Comment / Dec 2012 (III), MCQ (Question-Answer), Theories and Models, UGC-NET (Paper III) /

Mass media, according to, Lazarsfeld and Merton, reinforce (A) Public image (B) Religious participation (C) Social norms (D) Economic ideas Correct Ans: (C) Explanation: Lazarsfeld and Merton emphasized that mass media reinforce social norms rather than change them. They believed media strengthen existing attitudes by repeatedly exposing audiences to specific messages. As a result, people

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In communication, redundancy has

Leave a Comment / Communication, June 2012 (III), MCQ (Question-Answer), UGC-NET (Paper III) /

In communication, redundancy has (A) Highest predictability (B) Lowest predictability (C) Balanced predictability (D) Imperfect predictability Correct Ans: (A) Explanation: Redundancy in communication refers to the repetition of information to ensure message clarity. It helps reduce misunderstandings by making messages more predictable. Among the given options, redundancy has the highest predictability because repeated elements reinforce

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Impact of Editorialization and Sensationalism in News Reporting

Leave a Comment / Dec 2009 (II), Journalism, MCQ (Question-Answer), UGC-NET (Paper II) /

Assertion (A): There is a growing tendency among newspapers to editorialise in news reports, sensationalise news and not identify sources of the news reports.  Reason (R): The ubiquitous word ‘sources’ is used to cover speculation and biased writing.  (A) Both (A) and (R) are true.  (B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is

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